PUBLICATIONS

Presidential Regulation No. 98 of 2021 (Perpres 98/2021) represents a serious step by the Indonesian Government to control Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and achieve the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and low-carbon development targets. Although this regulation is designed to provide protection and economic benefits for communities through sustainable natural resource management, its implementation still leaves fundamental ambiguities for forest rangers. The role, legal definition, and position of indigenous and local communities in the implementation of the Economic Carbon Value (ECV) remain ambiguous. This raises concerns that the slow recognition of legal and formal rights under social forestry risks marginalizing communities, who are at the forefront of preserving forests and controlling emissions.

To address this issue, the Madani Berkelanjutan Foundation and KKI-Warsi recommend three strategic steps to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) and the Ministry of Finance. First, the government needs to strengthen the position of forest ranger communities as active subjects in the regulations under Presidential Regulation 98/2021 by establishing a fair and equitable carbon benefit-sharing mechanism. Second, the government must accelerate the granting of legal rights to social forestry management and increase the institutional capacity of local communities. Finally, environmental compensation schemes for carbon sequestration and storage—such as the successful practice in the Bujang Raba Landscape, which has reduced deforestation to zero percent—must be officially recognized to deliver ecological impacts while simultaneously improving village economic well-being in an inclusive manner.