Climate finance is widely seen as overly bureaucratic and difficult for Indigenous Peoples to access, even though they are on the frontlines of the climate crisis. At COP30, civil society groups called for a shift toward direct, rights-based, and trust-based funding mechanisms.

Civil society groups argue that Indonesia’s emission reduction target in its Second NDC remains “critically insufficient,” meaning the country is not yet in a position to sell international carbon credits

Civil society coalitions argue that Indonesia must undertake fundamental reforms to ensure that climate finance is truly just and reaches Indigenous Peoples and forest-dependent communities, rather than reinforcing extractive industries and deforestation.

The JustCOP Coalition assesses that the government’s consultation process on the Second NDC (SNDC) resembled a mere socialization exercise rather than a meaningful public consultation, due to the lack of substantive public participation and limited access to draft documents from the outset.

Ahead of COP30 in Brazil, Indonesia’s climate commitments are seen as drifting further from realization, particularly in the forestry sector, which continues to be a major source of emissions due to widespread forest and land fires.

President Prabowo’s speech at the UN General Assembly is seen as failing to address the root causes of Indonesia’s climate and food crises, while also lacking a climate justice and human rights perspective.